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Tuesday, July 21, 2020

BechukosaI. Vayikra 26:3. Etymology and Sociology

אם־בחקתי תלכו ואת־מצותי תשמרו ועשיתם אתם

Rashi:

אם בחקתי תלכו. יָכוֹל זֶה קִיּוּם הַמִּצְווֹת, כְּשֶׁהוּא אוֹמֵר וְאֶת מִצְוֹתַי תִּשְׁמְרוּ וַעֲשִיתֶם אֹתָם הֲרֵי קִיּוּם הַמִּצְווֹת אָמוּר, הָא מָה אֲנִי מְקַיֵּם אִם בְּחֻקֹּתַי תֵּלֵכוּ? שֶׁתִּהְיוּ עֲמֵלִים בַּתּוֹרָה (ספרא):

The Sifra explains that "Teileichu" can not mean "walk in the path of the Torah by doing mitzvos," because that is the subject of the next phrase in the passuk. So what does Teileichu mean? It means "diligent study of the Torah." 

Why would teileichu/walk mean study? And how does it mean "Ameilus," rigorous study?

From the Merriam-Webster website:


Inculcate derives from the past participle of the Latin verb inculcare, meaning "to tread on." In Latin, inculcare possesses both literal and figurative meanings, referring to either the act of walking over something or to that of impressing something upon the mind, often by way of steady repetition. It is the figurative sense that survives with inculcate, which was first used in English in the 16th century. Inculcare was formed in Latin by combining the prefix in- with calcare, meaning "to trample," and ultimately derives from the noun calx, "heel."

From Etymology Online:


...from Latin inculcatus, past participle of inculcare "force upon, insist; stamp in, impress, tread down," from in- "in" (from PIE root *en "in") + calcare "to tread, press in," from calx (1) "heel" (see calcaneus). 

To inculcate is to learn by treading on, by stamping in, by steady repetition. That is precisely the sense in which the word is used here: Teileichu-walk-inculcate through ameilus.



We all scratch our heads, wondering why it is that the Chareidi and Chasidic communities seem to shrug off the Covid precautions that every health agency in the world says are vitally important, with the result that השם ירחם the infection rate in those communities is horribly high. 


In this case, the postscript denigrating those that wear masks in Shul, and strongly requesting/warning that they stay out of their Mikdash Me'aht, is on a separate piece of paper, so it may be the work of one individual and not reflective of the group as a whole. But let's not fool ourselves.

I think it is generally acknowledged that part of disproportionate spread in the Orthodox community was because innocent international Meshulachim acted as vectors on Purim before anyone knew what was happening. 

But to some extent, I think the answer is that inculcation is the handmaiden of indoctrination, and indoctrination, done well, trumps empirical evidence. We are taught that Torah and Mitzvos and Tefillah protect us, and that what poses the threat of harm to others is not dangerous to us. That being the fact, we should go to shul, we should go to yeshiva, we should gather to do mitzvos, because the zechus of doing these things will protect us, and the sin of not doing them will endanger us. Ayy, we see the opposite? Doesn't matter. We know the truth.

This preference for faith over evidence has preserved the Jewish People over the millennia. The nations deride us for holding fast to our faith when we are the smallest and most endangered of nations, when for thousands of years the blood of Jews was hefker and misery and abuse were the lot of the Jew.  The nations say, with justification,  איה נא אלהיהם.  But we don't care! We know what is true, we know that  אתה בחרתנו מכל העמים, אהבת אותנו ורצית בנו ורוממתנו מכל הלשונות, וקידשתנו במצוותיך וקרבתנו מלכנו לעבודתך, ושמך הגדול והקדוש, עלינו קראת.  We know that the Ribono shel Olam loves us and will redeem and reward us.

I think that ignoring health directives is both assur and wrong. But I also believe that the quarantines and enforced isolation has had unintended and unexpected consequences, arguably worse than the disease itself. I know many people that delayed medical attention to problems, and when they finally went to the doctor it was too late to do anything about it. Two of them passed away in the last month. I know of people that have become hermits, paranoid, agoraphobes. I know of people whose finances are ruined. Only a prophet could have anticipated this, and only an omniscient mind could know whether the benefit outweighed the terrible costs. Along the same lines, I think, I have seen, that six months away from Shul, and the possibility of not joining a kehillah for the Yamim Noraim, can do irreparable harm to Jewish families.  

You will say that if staying at home shakes our faith, then our faith must have been a facade, a social phenomenon instead of true belief. I do not believe that is true. But I do believe that faith needs chizuk, and the psychological damage done by months of isolation can cause serious problems, even to sincere faith. If that is true, perhaps the Chasidim are right. Lives might רחמנא ליצלן be endangered, but that is a risk worth taking to preserve our way of life.

5 comments:

  1. >>>Only a prophet could have anticipated this,

    Actually, I think anyone with seichel could have foreseen this.
    http://divreichaim.blogspot.com/2020/03/notes-from-undergound-day-2.html

    A Rav where I have been davening added to the mishbeirach for the one person on shabbos who was wearing a mask for his aliya: "maskiyoseihem titotzu."
    "Elohei maseicha lo ta'aseh lach" is my favorite.

    I dont believe this is about faith vs science. It is faith vs faith. There is no little scientific evidence for many of the restrictions promulgated during the lockdown, e.g. can you explain why having a beer in a bar is not allowed in NY , but having a beer with food served is allowed? Or why the mayor of NY sends police to shut down a playground by allows BLM protests? There are dozens of similar examples. On top of that, the scientific community has squandered trust by first lying to the public (as they admitted afterwards) and sayings masks were not effective and then backtracking. Or stopping people from being with loved ones at the moment of death but then saying BLM rallies are not a problem. When it is so blatantly obvious that it is not science alone that is governing the response to the virus, then it is a hard sell to convince us to give up tefilah, chinuch, etc. Do you want to put your faith in your local government based on its handling of the situation, which in most cases has been poor (how many elderly did Cuomo send back to nursing homes to die?) or just take your chances? Most people will go with take your chances.

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    1. Many mistakes were made. Under this kind of pressure, people make mistakes. But I think that wearing masks has been demonstrated to be effective, dropping the rate of infection by something like ninety percent. And wearing a mask may be uncomfortable, but it's not a zilzul of a mikdash me'aht. How hard is that to do?

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  2. I dont disagree that it is not a zilzul and it may be warranted. However, it's like the boy who cried wolf. Remember when the surgeon general was saying this? https://twitter.com/surgeon_general/status/1233725785283932160
    After months of lies from the gvt, regulations that make no sense, policies that have killed people, rules based on politics rather than science, etc. when you come to people and say that this one is different and actually makes sense, I can understand the skepticism and the lack of willingness to comply.

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    1. I have physician friends whom I trust, and they have consistently and firmly sided with government policies. I don't see the missteps as lies. I see them as decisions made with the best information available at the time. This virus is novel במלא מובן המלה, and doctors on the front lines have said that every single day they learn something that upends what they thought the day before. It's just a difficult process. And look at the countries that did well, such as Japan and Korea- and the Jewish community in Baltimore.
      I feel that you listen to expert opinion, to people that have spent their lives studying pandemics. I know they might be wrong. They looked at the Spanish Flu, and other pandemics, and tried to apply the lessons learned. Maybe this is not as virulent. But my oldest son had it, and it brought on pneumonia not once, but twice, and he lost a good twenty pounds of muscle getting over it. I doubt that I would survive a good case of Covid, and I am really afraid of what it might do to my wife.
      So I don't know who's right. I do think that you should take doctors' advice, and pray for siyata dishmaya. But to brazenly and arrogantly deprecate professional medical advice because "we know better than to listen to those shkotzim," that is not well thought out. I am not sure if it falls more into שוטה רשע וגס רוח
      שוטה רשע וגס רוח or just חסיד שוטה.
      I've been wrong before, probably more often than right, and I am grateful to hear your opinion. I'm still being very cautious, and right now, the big worry is what to do about the Yamim Noraim. Especially the tekios, which cover the whole neighborhood with the Baal Tokei'a's aerosols, belashon naki. I could make a minyan in my back yard, but I really don't like the idea of shofar bifnei am v'eida, especially early Sunday morning. My neighbor, Dan Doyle, (not Jewish!) is a decent and patient man, but this would be an imposition.

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    2. That’s why they moved tekias shofar to mussaf... (more or less)

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