I've been thinking about this for quite a while, and, of course, I remain very ambivalent about posting it. But I finally decided that there is a benefit to be gained for Lomdei Torah, and that makes it worth it.
If you disagree, please let me know. It's easy enough to move it back to the Draft folder. But I am pretty sure that the pshat is correct and that you won't find this pshat in the Gemara elsewhere. I fear that this post might make the website inaccessible to people with web filters. If that turns out to be the case, I will move it to a different website.
There is a Gemara in Shabbos (152a) that is somewhat disturbing.
אמר רב כהנא, מאי דכתיב: ״כי הוא אמר ויהי״ — זו אשה. ״הוא צוה ויעמוד״ — אלו בנים. תנא: אשה חמת מלא צואה, ופיה מלא דם — והכל רצין אחריה.
Rashi
זו אשה - אם לא על פי גזרת המלך לא היתה ראויה להתאוות לה שהיא כחמת מלאה מיאוס והכל רצים אחריה:
An uninformed reader might feel that the Gemara smacks of misogyny. But look at the following study, published in 2015.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4479551/
and the relevant line is here
with the idea boiled down here
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/09/120912184518.htm
and if the links aren't working, here is the methodology of the study:
The authors of the study, led by Charmaine Borg of the University of Groningen in the Netherlands, asked female participants to complete various disgusting-seeming actions, like drinking from a cup with an insect in it or wiping their hands with a used tissue. (The participants were not aware of it, but the insect was made of plastic and the tissue was colored with ink to make it appear used.)
Sexually aroused subjects responded to the tasks with less disgust than subjects who were not sexually aroused, suggesting that the state of arousal has some effect on women's disgust response.
The point is not that sexual arousal is a stronger motivator than the revulsion of disgust. The study involved drinking from a cup with an insect in it, which has nothing to do with the arousal. The point is that a person that is sexually aroused will simply not notice or care about things that would otherwise disgust him or her. It eliminates a certain level of sensitivity. Things that would elicit immediate revulsion from a regular person simply do not matter, they do not exist, for a sexually aroused person.
I believe this is exactly what Chazal are telling us. It is common knowledge that arousal weakens the conscience and obscures negative future consequences. But there is more to be aware of: There are deep natural barriers, rational barriers, that simply fall when instinctive sexual arousal occurs. It is important for people to bear this in mind before giving rein to impulse.
(I think this is far more significant than the famous Beer Goggle phenomenon.)
Please note!
The baal memra in Shabbos is Rav Kahana. Rav Kahana was famous, even in the company of those great tzadikim of his time, as being purely rational, as one who dispassionately and unembarrassedly analyzed things that would overwhelm others with shame. I believe that for Rav Kahana, the rational and analytical faculty was at every moment absolutely dominant, if not absolute. Rav Kahana is indeed the perfect person to have made this observation.
See, for example, Brachos 62a
רב כהנא על, גנא תותיה פורייה דרב. שמעיה דשח ושחק ועשה צרכיו. אמר ליה: דמי פומיה דאבא כדלא שריף תבשילא. אמר ליה: כהנא, הכא את? פוק, דלאו ארח ארעא. אמר ליה: תורה היא, וללמוד אני צריך.
Rashi
דשח ושחק – עם אשתו שיחה בטלה של ריצוי תשמיש:
ועשה צרכיו – ושימש מטתו:
כדלא שריף תבשילא – כאדם רעב כמו שלא שמשת מטתך מעולם שאתה נוהג קלות ראש זה לתאותך:
Additional Note:
Yybturner pointed out that the simple meaning of Rav Kahana's words seem to refer to normal Tashmish HaMittah - that a purely rational man would find normal tashmish hamittah revolting. I, on the other hand, am saying that he is referring to other behaviors or experiences that that are outside the parameters of normal tashmish, such as "הפיכת שולחן" etc. in Nedarim 20b, or bad personal hygiene, והמבין יבין, והמבחין יבחין.
I finally realized that Yybturner is right and eilu v'eilu. Rav Kahana seems to be saying that even normal tashmish hamittah is inherently disgusting, and the only reason we enjoy it is because Hashem put into our nature a desire that quashes disgust. This is actually perfectly consonant with the Dutch study. Because even normal tashmish involves the suppression of disgust, mimeilah that suppression applies broadly, even to things not directly related to tashmish.
UPDATE:
Another point. The concept of disgusting really is arbitrary. For example: Dogs have a sense of smell hundreds of times more sensitive than ours, but dogs smell and eat things that even thinking about them make a person retch. So you see that what disgusts you and what attracts you is just something specific to a species or a culture. If so, what is the point of this discussion? What is Rav Kahana saying?
Rav Kahana is saying that there are things that would disgust people but do not disgust them, indeed attract them, when they are in the thrall of sexual desire. Whatever it is that we, as humans, find disgusting, they are not disgusting under those circumstances. Which is precisely what the University of Groningen study demonstrated.
Two points.
ReplyDeleteFirst I don't understand the chiddush, it's pashut! Gemara sanhedrin 74b end of Ben sorer says the chachamim took away the desire and they no children were born. So we see there's desire and logic.
Second, with regards to the studies, women aren't turned on as men are, images. Rather it's all imaginative. As women enjoy reading erotica and watching soap operas.
If I missed the yesod please clarify.
The Gemaros you are referring to, briefly in Sanhedrin 64a and at greater length in Yoma 69b, say that
Deleteאמרו הואיל ועת רצון הוא נבעי רחמי איצרא דעבירה בעו רחמי ואמסר בידייהו יבאמר להו חזו דאי קטליתו ליה לההוא כליא עלמא חבשוהו תלתא יומי ובעו ביעתא בת יומא בכל ארץ ישראל ולא אשתכח
and Rashi (San) explains that
חבשוה תלתא יומין וכו' - ומתוך כך פסק חמום הזכרים מלהוליד והנקבות מלילד:
and (Yoma)
כליא עלמא - יכלה העולם שלא תהא פריה ורביה:
But that seems to mean that the entire system was incapacitated, to the extent that even eggs that were ready to go did not come out - as Rashi says,
ביעתא בת יומא - ביצה הנולדה בו ביום לפי שפסק החימום מן המעים ואפילו אותן שעיברה התרנגולת כבר אינן מתבשלין במעיה:
I don't know why the system as a whole is under the purview of the Yetzer Hara, but apparently it is. It's hard for me to understand (without recourse to the arcane definition of Yetzer Hara according to the Zohar and Pri Tzadik) what is "ra" about it. Is is essentially self-destructive, or violent, Immoral or Amoral? I don't know. If it were, we would encourage celibacy among our greatest tzadikim, and we don't. Miriam was right to be appalled at Moshe Rabbeinu's celibacy if not for his unique circumstances.
Even when Dovid Hamelech said
הן בעוון חוללתי ובחטא יחמתני אמי
he did not mean there was inherent ra or sin in his conception. Nobody, to my knowledge, says that. I'm going out on a limb, but I think that if someone did, it would צריך בדיקה אחריו.
So I don't understand that Gemara.
But my point was slightly different. Even assuming that marital relations are not inherently abhorrent or "ra," and that a perfectly righteous and rational person should and would engage in marital relations either for procreation or simply to physically express his emotional closeness to his spouse, there are certain behaviors that a person might do when in the thrall of sexual arousal that he would find disgusting in the light of day. Of course, you can become inured and callous, but the point is that an act that would normally elicit physical revulsion would feel perfectly appropriate under those circumstances.
Regarding your second point, I understand your idea, I do not understand how it applies here.
I understood the gemara in 2 ways. Either it refers to general desire, or all males.
ReplyDeleteI do hear your question on ra and the yh. I understood it as there is lust which can be used for bad as well as for good when we need to procreate. As the Rambam says, all middos need an equalibrium. What that means is, since there a tzad chances for both bad and good, there is a line which separates them. The yh is able to control the percentage of tzad ra. The Chachamim moved that line to 0, mmeila the yh has no control anymore. The second time they moved it to a lower percentage, which at that percentage incest isn't covered by (either it's not there or you need a certain percentage of desire for it).
Whenever you change a system there will always be checks and balances. We see when they tweaked the ratio of desire, yes they did get rid of (for normal people) incest, but on the good side we did lose the "taam biah".
Regarding desire vs logic, that we'll always struggle with as we're both neshama;logic and guf; desire. We will always struggle with this spiritual schizophrenia, but our job is to find some balance and pacify the guf desire enough to not cloud our logic.
Concerning celibacy, there are rishonim who advocated celibacy. I've seen R Avraham Ben HaRambam in Hamaspik in abstinence, say it's an ideal, as we never saw some neviim like Eliyahu ever married or have children. And mind you he didn't live in a christian society.
Concerning my second point, that was dealing with the studies that we're testing on womens desires.
I was glad you mentioned the Hamaspik. I just got a new edition, and I thought I could see it there. Unfortunately, I just looked, and I was gypped - this edition does not include the third section, the one that talks about hashkafa and dveikus in general. I'll have to check online. It is very, very, odd.
DeleteNo need. I found it. I saw that one mefareish, to answer the obvious contradiction between RAbH and his father regarding extreme prishus says that RAbH is talking about individuals for whom it is necessary only due to some condition or circumstance they need to overcome. I saw this in the תשכ"ה Feldheim edition by R Yosef Duri.
Delete